Abstract
The main
objective of this project was to ensure a proper security to building against
theft or intruder. The circuit uses PIR and Controller which was wired as a
timing circuit. This device functions as a major security alarms used in residential, commercial, industrial,
and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property
damage, as well as personal protection against intruders . It is an electronic
device that is connected to the battery being installed in and gets activated
when the owner of the building is leaving the building by moving the switch to
the “set” position. When the system is in this “set” position, if intruder open
and enters the building the light will come up and the alarm will start to blow
after 20 seconds indicating that unauthorized has entered the building. The
device and the “sensor” switch are not seen but, it has an indicator light
which shows that the alarm has been activated and it can only be reset automatically.
Introduction
The need for
having home protection has always been there. But in the recent times,
considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need
has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings
and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few
decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance
during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only
normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration. The guard was also
susceptible to sleep at times. It was then that home alarm system based upon
electronic circuits were developed which proved to be highly reliable and were
appreciated by the people as they were relieved from constant monitoring of
their homes. This intrusion alarm system uses PIR sensor and a controller
Aim and objective
The main aim and objective of the design and
construction this project is to create a comfort in the minds of house owners
when they out from their premises without much fear of intruder.
Significance of the project
This device functions as an electronics watch
dog. This device functions as a major security alarms used in residential, commercial, industrial,
and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property
damage, as well as personal protection against intruders.
Purpose
of the project
This project proposes
the development of security system for form houses and residential houses.
Scope of the project
In an extremely
mechanized word such as today’s it is necessary to make our life better,
convertible and economical. This is the purpose for which the Electronic house
is developed.
Application
of the project
This device is
used in the following places as:
a. Home Security Systems.
b. Prisons Security.
c. Vehicle Security.
d. Broadband alarm monitoring.
e. Glass Break.
f. Property Theft Alarm
Literature
review
Sensors/motion sensors
Motion sensors are types of electronic
security device that senses movement and usually triggers an alarm. Many
types of motion sensors can sense motion in total darkness, without
an intruder becoming aware that an alarm has been triggered. Motion
sensors are an important part of most burglar alarm systems. They
help alert security personnel, especially in situations where no obvious
break-in has occurred. For instance, if an intruder steals a key to gain
access to a protected site or hides within the site during normal
business hours, the intruder’s entrance or presence could go unnoticed. A
motion sensor will detect the intruder’s movements as soon as he or she
walks or otherwise moves within the area protected by the detector. Motion
sensors usually protect indoor areas, where conditions can be more closely
controlled. Sensors for use in homes usually detect movement in spaces about 11
m × 11 m (35 ft × 35 ft) in area. Sensors for large warehouses can protect
areas with dimensions as large as 24 m × 37 m (80 ft × 120 ft).Buildings
with valuable or important assets, such as museums, also use motion
sensors to detect break-ins at vulnerable points. Such points include walls,
doors, windows, skylights, and even air ducts. Special motion sensors can
protect the inside of exhibit cases where items such as diamonds
are displayed. Others can be focused to a narrow area of coverage,
somewhat like a curtain, that is projected in front of a painting
to detect even the slightest touch. Motion sensor systems use a variety
of methods to detect movement. Each method has its advantages and
disadvantages. Some of the methods are discussed below.
Passive infrared sensor
A Passive Infrared sensor (PIR sensor)
is an electronic device that measures infrared (IR) light radiating from
objects in its field of view. PIR sensors are often used in the
construction of PIR-based motion detectors. Apparent motion is detected when an
infrared source with one temperature, such as a human, passes in front of
an infrared source with another temperature, such as a wall http://www.gadgetshack.com/motionsensor.html.
All objects emit what is known as black body radiation. It is usually
infrared radiation that is invisible to the human eye but can be detected
by electronic devices designed for such a purpose. The term passive in this
instance means that the PIR device does not emit an infrared beam but
merely passively accepts incoming infrared radiation. “Infra” meaning below our
ability to detect it visually, and “Red” because this color represents the
lowest energy level that our eyes can sense before it becomes
invisible. Thus, infrared means below the energy level of the color red,
and applies to many sources of invisible energy. http://steveslockandsafe.com/venice-locksmith-home-security-technicians-notebook/Infrared.
radiation enters through the front of
the sensor, known as the sensor face. At the core of a PIR sensor is a solid
state sensor or set of sensors, made from an approximately 1/4 inch square of
natural or artificial pyroelectric materials, usually in the form of a
thin film, out of gallium nitride (GaN), caesiumnitrate (CsNO3), polyvinyl
fluorides, derivatives of phenylpyrazine, and cobalt phthalocyanine.
Lithiumtantalate (LiTaO3) is a crystal exhibiting both piezoelectric and
pyroelectric properties. ].The sensor is often manufactured as part of an
integrated circuit and may consist of one (1), two (2) or four (4) 'pixels' of
equal areas of the pyroelectric material. Pairs of the sensor pixels may
be wired as opposite inputs to a differential amplifier. In such
a configuration, the PIR measurements cancel each other so that
the average temperature of the field of view is removed from
the electrical signal; an increase of IR energy across the
entire sensor is self-cancelling and will not trigger the device.
This allows the device to resist false indications of change in the event
of being exposed to flashes of light or field-wide illumination.
(Continuous bright light could still saturate the sensor materials and
render the sensor unable to register further information.) At the
same time, this differential arrangement minimizes common-mode interference,
allowing the device to resist triggering due to nearby electric fields.
However, a differential pair of sensors cannot measure temperature in that
configuration and therefore this configuration is specialized for motion
detectors. In a PIR-based motion detector (usually called a PID, for
Passive Infrared Detector), the PIR sensor is typically mounted on a
printed circuit board containing the necessary electronics required to
interpret the signals from the pyroelectric sensor chip. The complete assembly
is contained within a housing mounted in a location where the sensor
can view the area to be monitored. Infrared energy is able to reach the
pyroelectric sensor through the window because the plastic used
is transparent to infrared radiation (but only translucent to visible
light). This plastic sheet also prevents the intrusion of dust and/or
insects from obscuring the sensor's field of view, and in the case
of insects, from generating false alarms. A few mechanisms have been used
to focus the distant infrared energy onto the sensor surface. The window
may have multiple Fresnel lenses molded into it. Alternatively, some
PIDs are manufactured with internal plastic, segmented parabolic mirrors
to focus the infrared energy. Where mirrors are used, the plastic window
cover has no Fresnel lenses molded into it. This filtering window may
be used to limit the wavelengths to 8-14 microns which is closest to
the infrared radiation emitted by humans (9.4microns being the
strongest).The PID can be thought of as a kind of infrared camera that
remembers the amount of infrared energy focused on its surface. Once power is
applied to the PID, the electronics in the PID shortly settle into a quiescent
state and energize a small relay. This relay controls a set
of electrical contacts that are usually connected to the detection input
of a burglar alarm control panel. If the amount of infrared energy focused on the
pyroelectric sensor changes within a configured time period, the device
will switch the state of the alarm relay. The alarm relay
is typically a "normally closed (NC)" relay, also known as a "Form
B" relay. A person entering a monitored area is detected when the
infrared energy emitted from the intruder's body is focused by a Fresnel
lens or a mirror segment and overlaps a section on the chip that had previously
been looking at some much cooler part of the protected area.
That portion of the chip is now much warmer than when the intruder
wasn't there. As the intruder moves, so does the hot spot on the surface of the
chip. This moving hot spot causes the electronics connected to the chip to
de-energize there lay, operating its contacts, thereby activating the detection
input on the alarm control panel. Conversely, if an intruder were to try
to defeat a PID, perhaps by holding some sort of thermal shield between himself
and the PID, a corresponding 'cold' spot moving across the face of
the chip will also cause the relay to de-energize — unless
the thermal shield has the same temperature as the objects behind it.
Ultrasonic sensors
Ultrasonic sensors (also known as transceivers when they
both send and receive) work on a principle similar to radar or sonar
which evaluate attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound
waves respectively. Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and
evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor. Sensors calculate the
time interval between sending the signal and receiving the echo to
determine the distance to an object. This technology can be used for
measuring: wind speed and direction (anemometer), fullness of a tank and
speed through air or water. For measuring speed or direction a device
uses multiple detectors and calculates the speed from the relative distances to
particulates in the air or water. To measure the amount of liquid in
a tank, the sensor measures the distance to the surface of the fluid.
Further applications include: humidifiers, sonar, medical ultrasonography,
burglar alarms and non-destructive testing. Systems typically use a
transducer which generates sound waves in the ultrasonic range, above
20,000hertz, by turning electrical energy into sound, then upon receiving
the echo turn the sound waves into electrical energy which can
be measured and displayed. Some older burglar alarm systems use ultrasound
(sound of very high frequency) to detect motion. They are called
ultrasonic motion detectors. In such a detector a transmitter sends out
sound of a frequency that is too high for the human ear to hear.
A receiver picks up the sound waves reflected from the room or area under
protection. The motion of someone or something in the space between the
receiver and transmitter will cause a change, or shift, in the frequency
of the sound. A circuit in the device detects any unusual shift in the
frequency. A small shift, such as that produced by an insect or
rodent, is ignored. When a larger shift, such as one produced by a
moving person, is detected, the device triggers the alarm. Ultrasonic
detectors are extremely sensitive, and can sometimes be triggered by loud
noises or air gusts from an open vent. The frequency shift discussed above is
also known as the Doppler Effect, which results from the behavior of sound
waves when they are compressed by a moving object. Ultrasonic motion
detectors use the Doppler Effect to detect movement. The detector’s circuitry
compares the frequency of the sound that is emitted by the transmitter
when no motion is present to the frequency that results when motion occurs.
When no motion is present, the sound is emitted and bounces back in
an even, steady pattern. When motion occurs, the sound waves
are disturbed and the circuit detects the shift.
Burglar alarm systems
Burglar (or intrusion), alarms are electronic alarms designed to
alert the user to a specific danger. Sensors are connected to a control
unit via low-voltage wiring or a narrowband RF signal which is used to
interact with a response device. The most common security sensors are used
to indicate the opening of a door or window or detect motion via
passive infrared (PIR). New construction systems are predominately hardwired
for economy. Retrofit installations often use wireless systems for
a faster, more economical installation. Some systems serve a single
purpose of burglar or fire protection. Combination systems provide both
fire and intrusion protection. Systems range from small, self-contained
noisemakers, to complicated, multi-zoned systems with color-coded computer
monitor outputs. Many of these concepts also apply to portable alarms for
protecting cars, trucks or other vehicles and their contents (i.e., "car
alarms").Burglar alarms (or perimeter security systems,
perimeter detection systems, Perimeter protection, intrusion detection
systems and many more terms for the same thing) are divided to two
main fields: home burglar alarms and industrial burglar and perimeter intrusion
detection.
History of burglar alarms
When one mentions burglar alarms it's not unreasonable to
think of high tech devices developed in the silicon age. The truth is, the
concept of an alarm system is one that was invented long before that. For thousands
of years man has used animals, more notably the dog, to guard and alert him of anyone
trying to tamper or steel his valuables. In the middle Ages large gongs were
used to warn a population of impending doom or large bonfires lit
to warn of imminent invasion. As important as these developments were,
it was not until 1852 that the first electro-mechanical alarm system
was invented. Edwin Holmes was an American Inventor from Boston
Massachusetts; the alarm he devised was simplistic but effective. A solenoid
struck a gong when a trip wire was disturbed. Although his alarm
system is nothing compared to today's offerings it was positively
received in its day. These
early alarm systems continued to make use of simple electrical circuits
and relays. A typical installation would see wire wound along windowsills and
around doorframes coupled with conductive lead foil and mechanical or magnetic
switches laced with thin wire. The security conscious had to wait until
the next century for further alarm system advances, which heralded
the advent of the transistor and the integrated circuit. This technology
allowed smaller units integrated with microwave and ultrasonic motion sensors
along with features such as entrance and exit delays to be introduced. With
the level of technical sophistication increasing, so did the applications. Now
it was possible to use alarms to monitor industrial processes such as
steel production or to monitor natural events such as volcanoes and
earthquakes. Today, alarm systems have advanced even further. The rapid
and expanded use of the Internet has revolutionized alarm systems
immensely, as alarm systems have now become intelligent. It is now possible for
them to sort problems out themselves, by identifying triggers and
minimizing false alarms. They even have the ability to measure
weight, size and other environmental factors. Some also have self-diagnostic
capabilities and can detect internal circuitry problems, allowing them
to functioning correctly
BLOCK DIAGRAM
This
system uses Microcontroller (AT89C2051), PIR sensor and the security lights can
be control by relays. The PIR sensor will send a signal to the microcontroller
if there is any occupant in the room. If anybody is present in the room then
the microcontrollers compares the sensed motion in the room and give signal to
the microcontroller. If the intensity value is less than the value stored in
the microcontroller then the light will switched on by connecting the relay and
the entire block is powered up by the power source. This is the relationship
between every unit on the block diagram above.
Basic
components of the block diagram
Automatic
lighting Systems with motion detector for security application for years now have
been made up of the following five major units:
a. The
Power Supply Unit: This Unit provides the Temperature
Control System with the Electrical Energy that drives it. In this case, the
Power Supply Unit consists of a
Step-down transformer which works based on the principle of induction. The
transformer steps down the voltage received from the power outlet from the
national rating of 230V to 15V, which is all the voltage needed to drive the
system. This voltage is further rectified (using a bridge rectifier) and
filtered (using a power capacitor) to give a perfect and undistorted voltage to
the system. Of this 15V input voltage, about 5V drives the microcontroller. The
rest are needed to drive the other units of the circuit.
b. The
Sensor Unit: This Module consists of devices Passive
Inferred Receiver (PIR) that detect the movement of something in front of the
sensor. These devices sense the current room status, and provide its result to
be used as input in the Control unit and in the Relay Unit.
c. The
Control Unit: The Control unit houses the Controller
and related devices (thermostats in automatic systems) that process information
to produce effects/action by the system. In this case, this unit houses the
microcontroller (and control program/algorithm) that stores the set-point status.
The control program receives PIR status from the sensor unit and ensures that
it doesn’t compromise the set-point by initiating the appropriate sequence of
action(s).
d. The
Relay Unit: This unit consists of output line that
is used to give commands to the security lighting unit and also to program the
set-point for the system.
e. The
alarm Unit: This unit consists of alarming system
that alerts the inhabitants of the environment of an intruder in that area. It
comes mostly with those systems that are built to specifications (custom
systems).
Chapter
4
Components Description
Relay
A relay is usually an electromechanical
device that actuated by an electrical current. The current flowing in one
circuit causes the opening or closing of another circuit. Relays are like
remote control switches, and are use in many applications because of their
relative simplicity, example circuit using a relay to power a 120v load long
life, and proven high reliability. Relays used in a wide variety of
applications throughout industry, such as in telephone exchanges, digital
computers and automation systems.
PIR sensor
A
PIR detector is a motion detector that senses the heat emitted by a living
body. This sensor used as a security control lights so that they will switch on
automatically if approached. They are very effective in enhancing home security
systems. The sensor is passive because, instead of emitting a beam of light or
microwave energy that must be interrupt by a passing person in order to sense
that person, the PIR is simply sensitive to the infrared energy emitted by
every living thing.
LED
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. LEDs are used
as indicator lamps in many devices, and are increasingly used for lighting. Introduced
in 1962, modern LEDs are available
across the visible, ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. When a light-emitting diode is forward biased (switched
on), electrons are able to recombine with holes within the device, releasing
energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence and the colour of the light (corresponding
to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor. An LED
is often small in area (less than 1 mm2), and integrated
optical components may be used to shape its radiation pattern. LEDs present many advantages over incandescent light
sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved
robustness, smaller size, faster switching, and greater durability and
reliability. LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are relatively expensive
and require more precise current and heat management than compact fluorescent lamp sources of comparable
output.
Regulator
The 7805 voltage regulators employ
built-in current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe-operating area protection
which make them virtually immune to damage from output overloads. 7805 is a
three-terminal positive voltage regulator.
7805 regulator comes from the 78xx
family of self-contained fixed linear voltage regulator integrated circuits.
The 78xx family is a very popular choice for many electronic circuits which
require a regulated power supply, due to their ease of use and relative
cheapness. When specifying individual ICs within this family, the xx is
replaced with a two-digit number, which indicates the output voltage the
particular device is designed to provide (for example, the 7805 voltage
regulator has a 5 volt output, while the 7812 produces 12 volts). The 78xx line
are positive voltage regulators, meaning that they are designed to produce a
voltage that is positive relative to a common ground.
Crystal Oscillator
A crystal oscillator is an electronic
oscillator circuit
that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric
material to create
an electrical signal with a precise frequency. This frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers. The most common type of piezoelectric resonator used is
the quartz crystal, so oscillator circuits incorporating them became
known as crystal oscillators,[1]
but other piezoelectric materials including polycrystalline ceramics are used
in similar circuits. A crystal oscillator, particularly one made of quartz crystal, works by being distorted by an electric field when voltage is applied to an electrode near or on the crystal. This property is known as electrostriction or inverse piezoelectricity. When the field is removed, the
quartz - which oscillates in a precise frequency - generates an electric field
as it returns to its previous shape, and this can generate a voltage. The
result is that a quartz crystal behaves like an RLC circuit. Quartz crystals are manufactured for frequencies from a
few tens of kilohertz to hundreds of megahertz. More than
two billion crystals are manufactured annually Most are used for
consumer devices such as wristwatches, clocks, radios, computers, and cell phones. Quartz crystals are also found inside test and measurement
equipment, such as counters, signal generators, and oscilloscopes.
Microcontroller
Microcontroller AT89S52
The AT89S52 (6 AND 12 clock per
machine cycle) is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with
4K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured
using Philips’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The on-chip Flash
allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional
nonvolatile memory pro- grammar. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with
in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Philips AT89S52 is a
powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective
solution to many embedded control applications.
The AT89S52 provides the following standard
features: 4K bytes of Flash, 128 bytes
of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, two 16-bit
timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex
serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52
is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports
two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while
allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue
functioning. The Power-down mode saves the RAM con- tents but freezes the
oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or
hardware reset.
FEATURES
•
4
KB Reprogrammable flash.
•
32
Programmable I/O lines.
•
16
bit Timer/Counter 2.
•
8
Interrupt sources.
•
Power
range: 4V – 5.5V
•
Endurance
: 1000 Writes / Erase cycles
•
Fully
static operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
•
Three
level program memory lock
•
Full
duplex UART serial channel
•
Low
power idle and power down modes
•
Interrupt
recovery from power down modes
•
128
B internal RAM.
Transformers
A transformer uses the principles of
electromagnetism to change one A.C. voltage level to another. Faraday's work in
the 19th century showed that a changing current in a conductor (e.g. a
transformer primary winding) sets up a changing magnetic field around the
conductor. If another conductor (secondary winding) is placed within this
changing magnetic field a voltage will be induced into that winding.
Transistor
The
bipolar junction transistor, BJT is a key component in today's electronics
industry being used in circuits of all configurations from low frequencies to
microwaves. The bipolar junction transistor, BJT, is the cornerstone of much of
today's semiconductor electronics industry. This form of transistor has been in
existence for many years and is still very widely used in electronic circuits. The bipolar transistor is very
versatile and finds applications in many applications and at a wide range of
frequencies.
Diodes
Diode is a non-linear semiconductor
device that allows flow of current in one direction. A Diode is a two –
terminal device and the two terminals are Anode and Cathode respectively. The
following is the symbol of a Diode.
There are again a variety of
components that come under the category of Diodes. They are PN Junction Diode,
Light Emitting Diode (LED), Zener Diode, Schottky Diode, Photodiode and DIAC.
Normal PN Diodes are often used in AC to DC Converter circuits. You might be
familiar with LED or a Light Emitting Diode. It is a semiconductor device (or a
PN Junction diode, to be more specific) that emits light when activated. A
Zener Diode allows flow of current in both directions and is often used as a
voltage stabilizer. Schottky Diode is similar to a regular PN Diode but with
less forward current and hence is often used in fast switching circuits.
Resistors
The basic of all electronic
components are the Resistors. It is a passive electronic component that
introduces electrical resistance in to the circuit. Using resistors, we can
reduce the current, divide voltages, setup biasing of transistors (or other
active elements), etc.
Resistors are again divided in to
Fixed Resistors and Variable Resistors. Fixed Resistors, as the name suggests,
have a fixed resistance and its resistance doesn’t change due to external
parameters.
WHAT IS RESISTOR?
Resistor is basic component that is
used in all the electronic circuits. It is a passive element that resists the
flow of electrons. Thus it allows only certain amount of current to pass
through it. Remaining current is converted into heat.
The working principle of bulb is
that electricity is passed through the filament usually tungsten, which is a
resistor. The energy is converted to and released as light and heat.
Capacitors
The second important passive
component is a capacitor, a device that stores energy in the form of electric
field. Most capacitors consist of two conducting plates that are separated by a
dielectric material.
If Q is the charge on any one of the
conductor plates and V is the voltage between them, then the Capacitance C of
the Capacitor is C = Q/V.
In electronics circuits, a capacitor
is mainly used to block DC Current and allow AC Current. The other applications
of capacitors are filters, timing circuits, power supplies and energy storing
elements. There are many types of Capacitors like Polarized, Non – Polarized,
Ceramic, Film, Electrolytic, Super Capacitors etc.
What is Capacitor?
Capacitor is also known as condenser.
This is one of the passive components like resistor. Capacitor is generally
used to store the charge. In capacitor the charge is stored in the form of
“electrical field”. Capacitors play a major role in many electrical and
electronic circuits.
Generally, a capacitor has two
parallel metal plates which are not connected to each other. The two plates in
the capacitor are separated by non conducting medium (insulating medium) this
medium is commonly known as Dielectric.
There are different types and
different shapes of capacitors available, from very small capacitors which are
used in resonance circuits to large capacitors for stabilizing HVDC lines. But
all capacitors are doing the same work that is storing the electrical charge.
The shape of a capacitor is
rectangular, square, circular, cylindrical or spherical shape. Unlike a
resistor, an ideal capacitor does not dissipate energy. As the different types
of capacitors are available different symbols were available to represent them
which are shown below.
Chapter
5
Engineering Bill of Materials for
the Intrusion system
S/N
|
Description
|
Qty
|
Price per rate
|
Total price
|
|||
1.
|
1N4007
|
1
|
30
|
30
|
|||
2.
|
Resistors
|
2
|
20
|
40
|
|||
3.
|
Crystal Oscillator
|
1
|
100
|
100
|
|||
4.
|
Transformer (Half-Wave)
|
1
|
1200
|
1200
|
|||
5.
|
Led
|
1
|
30
|
30
|
|||
6.
|
Jumper Wire
|
2yrds
|
100
|
100
|
|||
7.
|
Vero-board
|
1
|
150
|
150
|
|||
8.
|
Plastic Casing
|
1
|
800
|
800
|
|||
9.
|
Gum
|
1ptn
|
400
|
400
|
|||
10.
|
Soldering Led
|
3yrds
|
100
|
100
|
|||
11.
|
Soldering Iron
|
1
|
850
|
850
|
|||
12.
|
Lm7805
|
1
|
150
|
150
|
|||
13.
|
Transistor
|
1
|
60
|
60
|
|||
14.
|
Relay
|
1
|
300
|
300
|
|||
15.
|
AT89S52
|
1
|
500
|
500
|
|||
16.
|
PIR sensor
|
1
|
400
|
400
|
|||
17.
|
Bulb
|
1
|
500
|
500
|
|||
18.
|
Lamp holder
|
1
|
200
|
200
|
|||
19.
|
Workmanship
|
14,000
|
|||||
Total
|
N20,910
|
||||||
Conclusion
The
paper has introduced the idea of an Intusion system with motion detector for
security application and proposed a method which saves power consumption by
system. This Automated Gadget Control System having the interconnections
between the home appliances and sensors for controlling and monitoring the device.
Automated home is a vast system that having multiple technologies and its applications
that can be used to provide control and security of the homes easily.
References
[1]
Vibhuti and Shimi S.L., “Implementation of Smart Class Room Using WAGO PLC”,
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and
Control (ICISC) 2018, Coimbatore, pp. 807-812.
[2]
A. Maslekar, K. Aparna, K. Mamatha and T.Shivakumara, “Smart Lighting System
using Raspberry Pi”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science
and Technology, Vol.4(7), 2015, pp.5113-5121I.
[3]
Suresh S, H.N.S.Anusha, T.Rajath, P.Soundarya and S.V,PrathyushaVudatha.
“Automatic Lighting And Control System For Classroom” 2016 International
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